Yokai of All of Japan
Some yokai belong to no single province. The kappa in every river, the tengu on every sacred peak, the oni of the whole nation's nightmares — these are Japan's household spirits, carried wherever people settled.
Mujina
狢A shapeshifting badger blamed for roadside tricks nationwide, though the same name has also meant the tanuki or the civet depending on where and when you ask.
cunningOnryo
怨霊A grudge that outlives the person who held it, and keeps settling the account.
vengefulTsuchinoko
槌の子A short, thick snake shaped like a wooden mallet. Japanese towns have offered reward money for one since 1989.
elusiveKashima-san
カシマさんHear her story and she visits in a dream or by phone, asking riddles. Answer wrong and she takes a part of your body.
menacingHikiko-san
ひきこさんA tall woman in a tattered white kimono who drags children away on rainy days, said to have once been a bullied girl herself.
vengefulSatoru-kun
さとるくんA boy you summon by calling your own phone from a payphone. He calls back within a day and creeps closer each time, until he says he is right behind you.
mysteriousUshi no Toki Mairi
丑の刻参りThe hour-of-the-ox curse: white robes, an iron crown of candles, and a straw doll nailed to a sacred tree.
vengefulShide no Taosa
死出の田長The cuckoo that crosses the mountain of death and comes back calling — which is why its cry was never just a bird's.
sorrowfulTsukumogami
付喪神A tool thrown out after a hundred years of service comes back with a face on it, furious at being thrown out.
vengefulDosojin
道祖神A stone at the edge of the village, given offerings at New Year, standing where the road stops being yours.
benevolentEnma
閻魔The judge at the end of the road, who reads out what you did from a mirror that does not take your word for it.
ominousKokkuri-san
狐狗狸Fingers on a coin, a sheet of yes and no, and a fox, a dog, and a tanuki written over a foreign game.
deceptiveJinmenken
人面犬A dog with a man's face that outruns cars on the highway and tells people to leave it alone.
mischievousHitori Kakurenbo
一人かくれんぼHide-and-seek played alone, with a stuffed doll, from a set of instructions posted in 2007.
eerieKamikakushi
神隠しA child walks past the edge of the village and does not come back, and the search party knows which word to use for it.
ominousAkai Manto
赤いマントA voice in the school toilet offers red paper or blue paper, and in the typical version both answers kill.
sinisterTurbo Granny
ターボババアAn old woman who runs alongside speeding cars on all fours, a paper reading 'Turbo' taped to her back.
swiftHanako-san of the Toilet
花子さんKnock three times on the third stall of the third floor, ask for her by name, and a small voice answers yes.
eerieOkuri-inu
送り犬A dog that walks the mountain path behind you: stay on your feet and it sees you home, stumble and it is on you.
ambiguousYurei
幽霊The classic Japanese ghost: white burial robe, black hair unbound, no feet below the knee.
sorrowfulAosagibi
青鷺火A night heron whose feathers glow blue-white as it passes overhead—a real bird, and a real light.
mysteriousKosenjobi
古戦場火Flames that rise from old battlefields at night, where the dead were never buried.
eerieUmizato
海座頭A blind, biwa-carrying giant who wades the open sea, drawn by Sekien with no word of explanation.
menacingShokera
しょうけらA clawed thing that peers down through the skylight on the one night you are required to stay awake.
eerieKuchisake-onna
口裂け女A masked woman who asks 'Am I pretty?'—then removes the mask to reveal a mouth slit ear to ear.
menacingOnibi
鬼火Cold blue 'demon-fires' that flicker in graveyards and wetlands, said to be born of the dead.
eerieHitodama
人魂Pale floating orbs of soul-fire that drift from the newly dead near graveyards and rooftops.
eerieGashadokuro
がしゃどくろA giant skeleton that modern yokai books say is made from the bones of the unburied dead.
menacingNingyo
人魚A Japanese merfolk—part human, part fish—whose flesh grants immortality to whoever eats it.
mysteriousBaku
獏A chimeric, tapir-like beast that devours nightmares when called upon after a bad dream.
benevolentDaidarabocchi
だいだらぼっちA colossal giant whose footsteps shaped Japan's lakes, hills, and valleys.
gentle giantFunayurei
船幽霊Ghosts of the drowned who beg for a ladle, then use it to swamp and sink your boat.
vengefulKodama
木霊The spirit that dwells in an old tree; felling its host brings misfortune.
benevolentYamabiko
山彦A small mountain spirit blamed for the echoes that answer you in the hills.
elusiveKawauso
獺A river otter that shapeshifts and plays tricks, a smaller cousin of the kappa.
playfulOtoroshi
おとろしA hairy beast drawn on a shrine gate, later said to punish the irreverent.
menacingKasha
火車A fiery cat-beast that descends at funerals to snatch away the corpses of the dead.
sinisterAzukiarai
小豆洗いAn unseen presence heard washing red beans by the river at night.
eerieAmanojaku
天邪鬼A small contrarian demon that provokes people into doing the opposite of their intent.
contrarianUbume
産女The ghost of a woman who died in childbirth, begging you to hold her baby.
sorrowfulUmibozu
海坊主A huge black sea spirit that rises to capsize ships in calm waters.
menacingYamauba
山姥A mountain crone who shelters travelers—then may devour them.
ambiguousMikoshi-nyudo
見越入道A towering bald monk that grows taller the more you look up at it.
menacingRokurokubi
轆轤首A woman whose neck stretches to impossible lengths at night.
eerieNekomata
猫又An old cat whose tail splits in two as it becomes a powerful yokai.
sinisterBake-danuki
狸A jolly shapeshifting raccoon dog, rival prankster to the fox.
playfulKitsunebi
狐火Mysterious floating fox-fires that lead travelers astray at night.
eerieKitsune
狐A shapeshifting fox spirit that gains tails and wisdom with age.
cunningBakeneko
化け猫A cat that gains supernatural powers with age and walks on two legs.
vengefulTengu
天狗A proud mountain spirit with a red face and long nose, master of martial arts.
proudOni
鬼Horned, fanged ogres of immense strength, often red or blue.
fierceKappa
河童A mischievous, turtle-like river imp with a water-filled dish on its head.
mischievousGods of All of Japan
Not yokai. These are the kami people here worshipped: gods kept in the house, at the water, by the forge and on the road.
Hachiman
八幡The god of archers and samurai, who was also given a Buddhist title and shown as a monk.
proudRaijin
雷神The thunder god who beats a ring of drums, and who was once caught by a man and carried to the emperor.
fierceFujin
風神The wind god who carries the wind in a bag on his back, a pose some scholars trace all the way back to Greece.
swiftSuijin
水神The god of the water a village drinks and farms with, worshipped at the well, the spring and the paddy weir.
ambiguousSarutahiko
猿田彦The god who was already standing at the crossroads when the heavenly party came down, and went out to guide them.
proud