Animal Yokai
Foxes that take human shape, cats that walk on two legs, a dog that follows you home. Here are the animals of Japanese folklore, sorted by animal.
Many people search for these yokai by the animal, not by name. A snake yokai. A spider yokai. A cat with two tails. This page is built for that kind of search. Find the animal, then open the card.
Foxes and tanuki are the two great shapeshifters. A fox gains tails and wisdom with age. A tanuki plays tricks. Some famous tanuki have their own names. Most are tied to one town or temple.
Some animals are real animals that grew strange with age. An old cat splits its tail in two. A turban snail lives long enough to become a sea demon. Others are made from several animals. The nue has a monkey's head, a tanuki's body, a tiger's legs and a snake for a tail.
We only list a yokai here if its own page describes it as an animal, or in an animal's shape. We also list fox fire, a light blamed on foxes. A yokai can appear on more than one list. Each page names the oldest source we found.
Foxes
Shapeshifting foxes, a fox courier, a fox a family keeps, and fox fire.
Kitsune
狐A shapeshifting fox spirit that gains tails and wisdom with age.
cunningTamamo-no-Mae
玉藻前A nine-tailed fox disguised as a beautiful court lady who bewitches an emperor.
cunningOsan Fox
おさん狐A fox that takes the shape of a beautiful woman and goes after men who are already spoken for.
cunningKeizōbō
桂蔵坊A fox that served Tottori castle as a courier, and ran the road faster than any man.
swiftPerson-Fox
人狐Not a fox that haunts a house but one a household is said to keep, passed down the family line.
cunningKitsunebi
狐火Mysterious floating fox-fires that lead travelers astray at night.
eerieTanuki
Tricksters and local heroes. Several have their own names and their own legends.
Bake-danuki
狸A jolly shapeshifting raccoon dog, rival prankster to the fox.
playfulGyobu-danuki
隠神刑部The tanuki who commanded eight hundred and eight others guarding Matsuyama castle, until a retainers' quarrel ended with the whole clan sealed in a cave.
proudKinchō
金長狸The tanuki whose quarrel with Rokuemon became a war, and then a kōdan performance, and then a film.
proudTasaburo-tanuki
太三郎狸The tanuki of Yashima, who would replay the Heike's last battle in the air for anyone who fed him well.
benevolentKyūmō Tanuki
キュウモウ狸A tanuki enshrined as a guardian of cattle and horses—worshipped, not hunted.
benevolentMorinji no Kama
茂林寺釜The temple tea kettle that sprouted a tanuki's head, tail and legs—and would not stop boiling.
playfulGreat Pipe
大煙管A shapeshifting tanuki that holds out a giant tobacco pipe and demands a toll from river boats.
playfulCats
Old cats that learn to talk, split their tails, or steal the dead.
Bakeneko
化け猫A cat that gains supernatural powers with age and walks on two legs.
vengefulNekomata
猫又An old cat whose tail splits in two as it becomes a powerful yokai.
sinisterGotoku-neko
五徳猫A two-tailed cat wearing a hearth trivet as a crown, puffing the embers back to life.
playfulKasha
火車A fiery cat-beast that descends at funerals to snatch away the corpses of the dead.
sinisterDogs
A dog spirit, a dog on the mountain path, and a dog with a human face.
Inugami
犬神A dog-spirit familiar that serves a family but can be sent to curse their enemies.
sinisterOkuri-inu
送り犬A dog that walks the mountain path behind you: stay on your feet and it sees you home, stumble and it is on you.
ambiguousJinmenken
人面犬A dog with a man's face that outruns cars on the highway and tells people to leave it alone.
mischievousSnakes and serpents
Great serpents, a snake kept in a jar, a woman who becomes a serpent, and a snake-woman.
Yamata-no-Orochi
八岐大蛇An eight-headed serpent that took a daughter a year from one family until a god got it drunk on eight vats of sake.
menacingMaster of the Night Boat
夜舟主A great serpent on the sea floor that demanded a girl every year.
ominousNozuchi
野槌A thick, mallet-shaped snake with a gaping mouth that rolls down slopes at travelers.
fierceTōbyō
当廟A small snake kept in a jar by a household, which brings wealth and cannot be got rid of.
sinisterKiyohime
清姫A spurned woman whose rage transforms her into a fire-breathing serpent to hunt down a fleeing monk.
vengefulNure-onna
濡女A serpent-bodied woman by the water who lures victims to their doom.
sinisterSpiders
Giant spiders. One takes the shape of a woman.
Birds
A glowing heron, a fire-breathing chicken, a night sparrow, and the tengu, first drawn as a beaked bird.
Aosagibi
青鷺火A night heron whose feathers glow blue-white as it passes overhead—a real bird, and a real light.
mysteriousBasan
波山A ghostly fire-breathing chicken whose cold flames give no heat.
elusiveYosuzume
夜雀Something that cries 'chi, chi, chi' like a sparrow and follows you, front and behind, on a mountain road at night.
eerieTengu
天狗A proud mountain spirit with a red face and long nose, master of martial arts.
proudOxen and horses
An ox-headed monster, a calf with a human face, a horse's head in a tree.
Weasels, rats, an otter, a toad and other beasts
Animals of the field, the river, the hills, the temple and the cattle shed.
Kamaitachi
鎌鼬Whirlwind weasels that slash a traveler's legs with sickle-like claws, leaving painless wounds.
swiftGedō
外道A possessing spirit neighbours blame when a household grows rich fast — and fear once that household's luck turns.
sinisterShii
𤯝A weasel-shaped thing that goes for cattle and horses, listed among the beasts in an Edo encyclopedia.
fierceOx-Striking Priest
牛打ち坊It slips into a cattle shed at night, leaves a tiny wound, and the animal is dead by morning.
ominousKawauso
獺A river otter that shapeshifts and plays tricks, a smaller cousin of the kappa.
playfulTesso
鉄鼠The vengeful monk Raigo reborn as a swarm of iron-toothed rats that devour scriptures.
vengefulYamachichi
山地乳A monkey-shaped creature with a pointed mouth that sucks a sleeper's breath. If someone else sees it, the sleeper lives long; if not, they die the next day.
sinisterSuo-no-Ogama
周防大蟆A toad about 2.4 meters long in the Suō hills that does not chase its prey — it simply breathes it in.
menacingSea and water creatures
Mermaid-like beings, a skeleton whale, a sea beast and an old turban snail.
Ningyo
人魚A Japanese merfolk—part human, part fish—whose flesh grants immortality to whoever eats it.
mysteriousAmabie
アマビエA three-legged, beaked mermaid-like being that rises from the sea to foretell and ward off epidemics.
benevolentBake-kujira
化鯨A whale of bare bones surfacing off Shimane in the rain, followed by fish and birds nobody can put a name to.
ominousWani
和邇The sea beast the hare of Inaba tricked—read as crocodile by some scholars and as shark by others.
ambiguousSazae-oni
栄螺鬼A turban-snail that lives long enough to become a shapeshifting sea demon.
cunningMixed beasts
Made from the parts of several animals, or from no single one.
Nue
鵺A chimeric night beast: monkey's face, tiger's limbs, snake for a tail.
ominousBaku
獏A chimeric, tapir-like beast that devours nightmares when called upon after a bad dream.
benevolentAmikiri
網剪A shrimp-like thing with scissor claws that snips mosquito nets and fishing nets with equal joy.
mischievous