Water Spirits
Rivers, ponds, and the open sea keep their own yokai — some mischievous, some deadly. From the cucumber-loving kappa to the sea-monk that rises over a ship's rail, Japan's waters were never thought to be empty.

Dorotabo
泥田坊A one-eyed, three-fingered shape rising from a flooded paddy, crying 'Give back my field!'
sorrowful
Bake-kujira
化鯨A whale of bare bones surfacing off Shimane in the rain, followed by fish and birds nobody can put a name to.
ominous
Gangi-kozo
岸涯小僧A saw-toothed river child who catches fish faster than any human—the kappa's rougher cousin.
mischievous
Kawaakago
川赤子A baby crying from the middle of the river—wade out toward it and you do not wade back.
sinister
Umizato
海座頭A blind, biwa-carrying giant who wades the open sea and asks travellers questions with no safe answer.
menacing
Suiko
水虎A fierce, scaled water-tiger relative of the kappa that drags victims beneath the river.
fierce
Hyosube
兵主部A hairy, grinning river yokai—cousin of the kappa—that loves eggplants and startles bathers.
mischievous
Ningyo
人魚A Japanese merfolk—part human, part fish—whose flesh grants immortality to whoever eats it.
mysterious
Amabie
アマビエA three-legged, beaked mermaid-like being that rises from the sea to foretell and ward off epidemics.
benevolent
Funayurei
船幽霊Ghosts of the drowned who beg for a ladle, then use it to swamp and sink your boat.
vengeful
Ushi-oni
牛鬼A savage ox-headed monster that haunts coasts and preys on humans.
fierce
Kawauso
獺A river otter that shapeshifts and plays tricks, a smaller cousin of the kappa.
playful
Sazae-oni
栄螺鬼A turban-snail that lives long enough to become a shapeshifting sea demon.
cunning
Jorogumo
絡新婦A giant spider that takes the form of a seductive woman to ensnare men.
cunning
Azukiarai
小豆洗いAn unseen presence heard washing red beans by the river at night.
eerie
Umibozu
海坊主A huge black sea spirit that rises to capsize ships in calm waters.
menacing
Nure-onna
濡女A serpent-bodied woman by the water who lures victims to their doom.
sinister
Kappa
河童A mischievous, turtle-like river imp with a water-filled dish on its head.
mischievous